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The Battle of Qadisiyyah (or al-Qadisiyyah) was the most significant engagement during the Muslim conquest of Persia. Victory in this battle paved the way for Muslims to conquer Ctesiphon, the capital of the Sassanid Empire. The Persians lost their army chief ( spahbed ), Rostam Farrukhzad, and several other high-ranking military commanders during this battle which dented a heavy blow to their military capabilities and morale. The battle was fought in November 636 CE. Background The Rashidun army’s campaign against the Sassanid Empire was initiated soon after the suppression of the rebellion (Ridda Wars) that Muslims faced after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Legendary Muslim commander Khalid bin Walid was the architect of the initial victories against the Sassanids in Iraq. He conquered western parts of today’s Iraq after defeating Persians in several consecutive battles. His campaign ended with the battle of Firaz, where he defeated the combined forces of Persians and R...

Nazi Germany had one of the strongest military forces in the world at the start of World War 2. Additionally, the emotions of the German people were high for the supremacy of the German race and to take revenge for the defeat of World War 1. In just two years, Germany was in control of Europe except Britain and the Soviet Union. But the tides were turned later and the war ended with a decisive German defeat. Top Reasons for German Defeat in WW2 There were several factors behind the defeat of Germany in the situation when it seemed to emerge victorious. The important reasons behind the German defeat are listed below: Failure of Operation Barbarossa The most important reason for the German defeat in World War 2 was the failed German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa). Before this invasion, Germany had the upper hand in the war. Almost the whole of Western Europe (except Great Britain) was either under the control of Germany or neutral. Germany tried to use this a...

World War I (1914–18) reshaped the political and social landscape of Europe. The war was fought between coalitions of Central Powers and Allied Powers. Germany led the Central Powers, and it was one of the most powerful Empires of that time.  Germany’s defeat marked the end of the Imperial era and started a turbulent period before World War II (1939-45). The German Empire was eager to start WWI despite efforts by other major powers to find a peaceful solution to the crisis. They wanted to use the assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s heir, Franz Ferdinand, for their political benefit. Germany’s impatience was due to its massive land and naval power, which it considered enough to win the war. However, Germany and the Central Powers started to lose the war  after initial gains, and the initiative was completely lost by 1917. This blog explores reasons behind this failure and examines its far-reaching effects. Top Reasons for German Defeat in WW1 1. Weakness o...